কার্বন মৌল হীরা ও গ্রাফাইট-এ ভিন্নরূপ। এদের ক্ষেত্রে কোন উক্তিটি সত্য নয়? (Diamond and graphite are the allotropes of carbon. For them. which of the following statements is incorrect?
হীরকে ১টি কার্বন পরমাণু অপর ৪টি কার্বন পরমাণুর সাথে sp³ সংকর অরবিটালের মাধ্যমে যুক্ত। চতুস্তলকীয়ভাবে প্রতিটি কার্বন পরমাণু যুক্ত থাকে। পৃথিবীতে সবচেয়ে কঠিন পদার্থ। এর গলনাঙ্ক 3600°C । 1000°C তাপমাত্রায় উত্তপ্ত করলে এটি গ্রাফাইট এ পরিণত হয়। হীরক ও গ্রাফাইট কার্বনের 2টি রূপভেদ।
গ্রাফাইট এ প্রতিটি কার্বন পরমাণু অপর অপর তিনটি কার্বন পরমাণুর সাথে সমযোজী বন্ধনের মাধ্যমে sp² সংকর অরবিটালের মাধ্যমে যুক্ত থাকে বলে এর প্রতিটি কার্বন পরমাণুতে একটি করে অসংকরিত 2pz¹ অরবিটাল থাকে। একটি মুক্ত ইলেকট্রন থাকায় গ্রাফাইট বিদ্যুৎ পরিবাহী। কিন্তু হীরক বিদ্যুৎ অপরিবাহী।
1 x Booting (68.34%) | 84.01ms |
1 x Application (31.66%) | 38.92ms |
select `id`, `view_count`, `main_category_id` from `questions` where `questions`.`id` = '239695' and `questions`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
update `questions` set `view_count` = `view_count` + 1 where `id` = 239695
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `view_count`, `vote`, `subject_id`, `category_id`, `sub_category_id`, `board_exam_id`, `passage_id`, `question_type`, `question`, `is_duplicate`, `status`, `image`, `meta_og_image`, `meta_og_title`, `meta_keyword`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, exists(select * from `review_contents` where `questions`.`id` = `review_contents`.`reviewable_id` and `review_contents`.`reviewable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question') as `review_content_exists` from `questions` where `id` = '239695' and `questions`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `question_id`, `option_1`, `option_2`, `option_3`, `option_4`, `option_5`, `image_option`, `image_question`, `answer` from `question_options` where `question_options`.`question_id` in (239695) and `question_options`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `title`, `passage` from `passages` where `passages`.`id` in (0) and `passages`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `name`, `slug`, `meta_og_image` from `sub_categories` where `sub_categories`.`id` in (5273) and `sub_categories`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `name`, `des_updated_by`, `des_added_by`, `link_subject_id`, `slug` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (76) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `description`, `subject_id` from `subject_descriptions` where `subject_descriptions`.`subject_id` in (76) and `subject_descriptions`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `subjects`.`id`, `subjects`.`name`, `subjects`.`slug`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` as `pivot_subjectable_id`, `subjectables`.`subject_id` as `pivot_subject_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` as `pivot_subjectable_type`, `subjectables`.`created_user_id` as `pivot_created_user_id`, `subjectables`.`deleted_at` as `pivot_deleted_at`, `subjectables`.`status` as `pivot_status`, `subjectables`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `subjectables`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `subjects` inner join `subjectables` on `subjects`.`id` = `subjectables`.`subject_id` where `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` in (239695) and `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select * from `vote_statistics` where `vote_statistics`.`question_id` in (239695)
Backtrace |
|
select * from `descriptions` where `descriptions`.`descriptionable_id` in (239695) and `descriptions`.`descriptionable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `status` in ('approve', 'active') and `descriptions`.`deleted_at` is null order by `vote` desc
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `name`, `avatar` from `users` where `users`.`id` in (43087) and `users`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `bookmarkable_id`, `bookmarkable_type`, `user_id` from `bookmarks` where `bookmarks`.`bookmarkable_id` in (239695) and `bookmarks`.`bookmarkable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `user_id` is null
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `votable_id`, `votable_type`, `user_id` from `votes` where `votes`.`votable_id` in (239695) and `votes`.`votable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `user_id` is null
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `question_id`, `user_id`, `choosen_option` from `vote_logs` where `vote_logs`.`question_id` in (239695) and `user_id` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `view_count`, `vote`, `subject_id`, `category_id`, `sub_category_id`, `board_exam_id`, `passage_id`, `question_type`, `question`, `is_duplicate`, `status`, `image`, `created_at`, `updated_at` from `questions` where `id` in (239695, 83914, 85455, 94198, 94368, 94483, 95003, 95175, 95713, 124203, 124387, 133174, 143620, 143860, 177417, 204612, 205717, 217929, 232303, 232437, 236589, 237120, 240693, 241204, 205625, 206092, 169029, 222019) and `id` != 239695 and `questions`.`deleted_at` is null order by `created_at` desc limit 6
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select * from `question_options` where `question_options`.`question_id` in (94483, 95003, 143620, 177417, 240693, 241204) and `question_options`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `name`, `slug` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (76) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `name`, `slug` from `sub_categories` where `sub_categories`.`id` in (3416, 4421, 4546, 4711, 5277, 5287) and `sub_categories`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `name` from `categories` where `categories`.`id` in (95, 99, 109, 113, 121) and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
Backtrace |
|
select `subjects`.`id`, `subjects`.`name`, `subjects`.`slug`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` as `pivot_subjectable_id`, `subjectables`.`subject_id` as `pivot_subject_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` as `pivot_subjectable_type`, `subjectables`.`created_user_id` as `pivot_created_user_id`, `subjectables`.`deleted_at` as `pivot_deleted_at`, `subjectables`.`status` as `pivot_status`, `subjectables`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `subjectables`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `subjects` inner join `subjectables` on `subjects`.`id` = `subjectables`.`subject_id` where `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` in (94483, 95003, 143620, 177417, 240693, 241204) and `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select * from `vote_statistics` where `vote_statistics`.`question_id` in (94483, 95003, 143620, 177417, 240693, 241204)
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `bookmarkable_id`, `bookmarkable_type`, `user_id` from `bookmarks` where `bookmarks`.`bookmarkable_id` in (94483, 95003, 143620, 177417, 240693, 241204) and `bookmarks`.`bookmarkable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `user_id` is null
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `votable_id`, `votable_type`, `user_id` from `votes` where `votes`.`votable_id` in (94483, 95003, 143620, 177417, 240693, 241204) and `votes`.`votable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `user_id` is null
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `question_id`, `user_id`, `choosen_option` from `vote_logs` where `vote_logs`.`question_id` in (94483, 95003, 143620, 177417, 240693, 241204) and `user_id` is null
Backtrace |
|
select * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 95 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select `id`, `vote_type` from `votes` where (`votable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Description' and `user_id` is null and `votable_id` = 91568) limit 1
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
select * from `package_plans` where `status` = 'active' and `package_plans`.`deleted_at` is null
Bindings |
|
Backtrace |
|
200
0 of 0array:1 [▼ "ques_id" => "239695" ]
[]
0 of 0array:20 [▼ "x-https" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "1" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [▶ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [▶ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "3.131.142.67" ] "x-forwarded-server" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "debugerror.xyz" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-port" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "443" ] "x-forwarded-host" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "debugerror.xyz" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "3.131.142.67" ] "host" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "debugerror.xyz" ] ]
[]
0 of 0array:7 [▼ "content-type" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:07:33 GMT" ] "x-ratelimit-limit" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "60" ] "x-ratelimit-remaining" => array:1 [▶ 0 => "59" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [▶ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Iit2NVNSVStBUm1tZ25lN3JrOEtscHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUzV5cE4rQitJSnpvN3c1dENVMkRRRVN4em9hR05hWlNDNjBYNkFONFVFV05MRTFtQk5JdXRpdzZVaG5hOHJYVHhqYk02RzY0Y0tnZmt5V0F2QW5pekZsZ0xKa0RyZXMySVhYS29TN3QyTFJFSjJFdzcrTUtiNW9OS2pzaUI3U0MiLCJtYWMiOiJlZWU4ZDM2YTcwNmJmNDYzNTk5Y2UxMzdhZTZmNGFlNWUwOTBhN2M1NmEyMGVjYmI3YTgxNjE2MTQ4MjU2ODdjIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 14 Mar 2025 00:07:33 GMT; Max-Age=86400; path=/; secure ◀XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Iit2NVNSVStBUm1tZ25lN3JrOEtscHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUzV5cE4rQitJSnpvN3c1dENVMkRRRVN4em9hR05hWlNDNjBYNkFONFVFV05MRTFtQk5JdXRpdzZVaG5hOHJYVHhqYk02R ▶" 1 => "satt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6InVyTER0V3dNdXhiMDUxaXRNK25vVGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoickhYWnlIMnhzUVdVcVhpY3kzOThkWW1jUEg4OGE3SjBTaWVqRmJsU2o1bzQ0SE1OdG5jQW8velVBcElXNWlia1BlSnhLWmlQQ0czTmtzTnlTVVFsdGlGdjZ5UWZIcTlqSkRCR2lYVjVQejQ5djl0UHBRaitlSlF0cy9YWkdIMzAiLCJtYWMiOiIzM2NmMTk1ODQ0NDcwMDBjZWI1ZjVlMTQyMzhjMDVkOGNkZDA3MWRlYzdlNGFmNmQ1MTkxNWMyY2JmNjI0ZTQyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 14 Mar 2025 00:07:33 GMT; Max-Age=86400; path=/; secure; httponly ◀satt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6InVyTER0V3dNdXhiMDUxaXRNK25vVGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoickhYWnlIMnhzUVdVcVhpY3kzOThkWW1jUEg4OGE3SjBTaWVqRmJsU2o1bzQ0SE1OdG5jQW8velVBcElXNWl ▶" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [▶ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Iit2NVNSVStBUm1tZ25lN3JrOEtscHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUzV5cE4rQitJSnpvN3c1dENVMkRRRVN4em9hR05hWlNDNjBYNkFONFVFV05MRTFtQk5JdXRpdzZVaG5hOHJYVHhqYk02RzY0Y0tnZmt5V0F2QW5pekZsZ0xKa0RyZXMySVhYS29TN3QyTFJFSjJFdzcrTUtiNW9OS2pzaUI3U0MiLCJtYWMiOiJlZWU4ZDM2YTcwNmJmNDYzNTk5Y2UxMzdhZTZmNGFlNWUwOTBhN2M1NmEyMGVjYmI3YTgxNjE2MTQ4MjU2ODdjIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 14-Mar-2025 00:07:33 GMT; path=/; secure ◀XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Iit2NVNSVStBUm1tZ25lN3JrOEtscHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUzV5cE4rQitJSnpvN3c1dENVMkRRRVN4em9hR05hWlNDNjBYNkFONFVFV05MRTFtQk5JdXRpdzZVaG5hOHJYVHhqYk02R ▶" 1 => "satt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6InVyTER0V3dNdXhiMDUxaXRNK25vVGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoickhYWnlIMnhzUVdVcVhpY3kzOThkWW1jUEg4OGE3SjBTaWVqRmJsU2o1bzQ0SE1OdG5jQW8velVBcElXNWlia1BlSnhLWmlQQ0czTmtzTnlTVVFsdGlGdjZ5UWZIcTlqSkRCR2lYVjVQejQ5djl0UHBRaitlSlF0cy9YWkdIMzAiLCJtYWMiOiIzM2NmMTk1ODQ0NDcwMDBjZWI1ZjVlMTQyMzhjMDVkOGNkZDA3MWRlYzdlNGFmNmQ1MTkxNWMyY2JmNjI0ZTQyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 14-Mar-2025 00:07:33 GMT; path=/; secure; httponly ◀satt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6InVyTER0V3dNdXhiMDUxaXRNK25vVGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoickhYWnlIMnhzUVdVcVhpY3kzOThkWW1jUEg4OGE3SjBTaWVqRmJsU2o1bzQ0SE1OdG5jQW8velVBcElXNWl ▶" ] ]
0 of 0array:3 [▼ "_token" => "Tc5nmfWxMTQHv9Cp9UTbOs4iIcEXY4a84VowiNJM" "_previous" => array:1 [▶ "url" => "https://debugerror.xyz/admission/single-question?ques_id=239695" ] "_flash" => array:2 [▶ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] ]