সমাজবিজ্ঞান বা সমাজবিদ্যা বা সমাজতত্ত্ব মানুষের সমাজ বা দলের বৈজ্ঞানিক আলোচনা শাস্ত্র। এতে সমাজবদ্ধ মানুষের জীবনের সামাজিক দিক এবং তাদের পারস্পরিক সম্পর্ক নিয়ে আলোচনা করা হয়। সমাজ বিষয়ক গবেষণা অতীত কাল থেকেই প্রচলিত ছিল। তবে অগাস্ট কোঁৎ সর্বপ্রথম ১৮৩৮ সালে এর রীতিবদ্ধ আলোচনা করেন।
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